WHAT IS A SPRAIN?
A sprain is an injury that causes a stretch or a tear in a ligament. Ligaments are strong bands of tissue that connect bones at a joint.
Sprains are classified as mild, moderate, or severe.
HOW DOES IT OCCUR?
A twisting or severe stretching of a joint is the most common cause of a sprain.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?
- your joint is painful and swollen
- you may not be able to move the injured joint
- the skin of the joint may be red at first, and in a few hours or days may look bruised
HOW ARE SPRAINS DIAGNOSED?
Your health care provider will examine your injury, and may order an x-ray to be sure that you do not have a broken bone.
HOW ARE SPRAINS TREATED?
The general rule for treating sprains is R-I-C-E (rest, ice, compression, and elevation)
REST avoid activities that cause pain, you may need crutches for a knee or ankle sprain
ICE ice packs for 20-30 minutes every 3-4 hours for 2-3 days or until the swelling goes away
COMPRESSION wrap a bandage around the injured joint to reduce swelling
ELEVATION keep the injured joint above the level of your heart as much as you can until the swelling stops
Also -
Your health care provider may give you a device to help support the joint, such as a splint, brace, or sling
You health care provider may recommend anti-inflammatory medication or another pain reliever
You may be given rehabilitation exercises to help you recover faster
HOW CAN I PREVENT A SPRAIN?
Most sprains occur from accidents that are not preventable. However, make sure you wear proper shoes for your activities. Watch for uneven surfaces when you are walking or exercising.
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